Data Frames are data displayed in a format as a table.
Data Frames can have different types of data inside it. While the first column can be character, the second and third can be numeric or logical. However, each column should have the same type of data.
Use the data.frame() function to create a data frame:
Example
Create a data frame
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
# Print the data frame
Data_Frame Training Pulse Duration
1 Strength 100 60
2 Stamina 150 30
3 Other 120 45Use the summary() function to summarize the data from a Data Frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
Data_Frame Training Pulse Duration
1 Strength 100 60
2 Stamina 150 30
3 Other 120 45summary(Data_Frame) Training Pulse Duration
Length:3 Min. :100.0 Min. :30.0
Class :character 1st Qu.:110.0 1st Qu.:37.5
Mode :character Median :120.0 Median :45.0
Mean :123.3 Mean :45.0
3rd Qu.:135.0 3rd Qu.:52.5
Max. :150.0 Max. :60.0 You will learn more about the summary() function in the statistical part of the R tutorial.
We can use single brackets [ ], double brackets [[ ]] or $ to access columns from a data frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
Data_Frame[1] Training
1 Strength
2 Stamina
3 OtherData_Frame[["Training"]][1] "Strength" "Stamina" "Other" Data_Frame$Training[1] "Strength" "Stamina" "Other" Add Rows Use the rbind() function to add new rows in a Data Frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
# Add a new row
New_row_DF <- rbind(Data_Frame, c("Strength", 110, 110))
# Print the new row
New_row_DF Training Pulse Duration
1 Strength 100 60
2 Stamina 150 30
3 Other 120 45
4 Strength 110 110Use the cbind() function to add new columns in a Data Frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
# Add a new column
New_col_DF <- cbind(Data_Frame, Steps = c(1000, 6000, 2000))
# Print the new column
New_col_DF Training Pulse Duration Steps
1 Strength 100 60 1000
2 Stamina 150 30 6000
3 Other 120 45 2000Remove Rows and Columns Use the c() function to remove rows and columns in a Data Frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
# Remove the first row and column
Data_Frame_New <- Data_Frame[-c(1), -c(1)]
# Print the new data frame
Data_Frame_New Pulse Duration
2 150 30
3 120 45Use the dim() function to find the amount of rows and columns in a Data Frame:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
dim(Data_Frame)[1] 3 3You can also use the ncol() function to find the number of columns and nrow() to find the number of rows:
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
ncol(Data_Frame)[1] 3nrow(Data_Frame)[1] 3Use the length() function to find the number of columns in a Data Frame (similar to ncol()):
Example
Data_Frame <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
length(Data_Frame)[1] 3Use the rbind() function to combine two or more data frames in R vertically:
Example
Data_Frame1 <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
Data_Frame2 <- data.frame (
Training = c("Stamina", "Stamina", "Strength"),
Pulse = c(140, 150, 160),
Duration = c(30, 30, 20)
)
New_Data_Frame <- rbind(Data_Frame1, Data_Frame2)
New_Data_Frame Training Pulse Duration
1 Strength 100 60
2 Stamina 150 30
3 Other 120 45
4 Stamina 140 30
5 Stamina 150 30
6 Strength 160 20And use the cbind() function to combine two or more data frames in R horizontally:
Example
Data_Frame3 <- data.frame (
Training = c("Strength", "Stamina", "Other"),
Pulse = c(100, 150, 120),
Duration = c(60, 30, 45)
)
Data_Frame4 <- data.frame (
Steps = c(3000, 6000, 2000),
Calories = c(300, 400, 300)
)
New_Data_Frame1 <- cbind(Data_Frame3, Data_Frame4)
New_Data_Frame1 Training Pulse Duration Steps Calories
1 Strength 100 60 3000 300
2 Stamina 150 30 6000 400
3 Other 120 45 2000 300